Growing vegetables on the balcony, how to reasonably match soil and fertilizer

Balcony planting has long become this fashion trend, more and more loved by everyone, then, balcony planting which soil layer and fertilizer to choose?

Soilless culture

To put it simply, soilless cultivation means that there is no soil layer, but the cultivation medium (including rock wool board, turf, vermiculite, perlite, roots, natural bamboo powder, water, etc.) and nutrient cultivation of plants are technical. Soilless culture is not only fast growing, high production, cost-effective, and less disease, clean and tidy environment, only need irrigation nutrient solution, management method is very convenient.

Organic soil fertilizer for soil layer planting

Family vegetables can also choose soil layer planting method. Soil layer planting is relative to soilless cultivation, but also its advantages, such as a strong buffer for PH, a very good ability to cement soil and lock water, a variety of intestinal probiotics theme activities are beneficial to plant growth. Family planting vegetables generally choose organic soil fertilizer grown in organic chemistry, this organic soil fertilizer can be bought in the agricultural sales market, and special organic soil fertilizer can be used according to the type of vegetables.

Some people dislike the actual effect of planting soil bought in the sales market is not very good, some people like DIY, they can also be equipped with organic soil fertilizer, the composition and configuration of relevant organic soil fertilizer, you can refer to the following manuscript:

What is organic soil fertilizer? What are the types of organic soil fertilizers?

In order to meet the needs of the growth and development of flowers, especially potted flowers, according to the different requirements of different varieties of soil, artificial specially formulated soil, containing rich nutrients, has good drainage and permeability (permeability), can maintain water and fertilizer, no cracking when dry, no crust when wet, no crust after watering, known as cultivation soil.

There are more types of organic soil fertilizers, and the common ones are as follows:

Leaf mold soil

Dry leaves, dry grass, vegetable skin and other compost. Pile this raw material into the pit, according to the layers of leaves (or dead grass, vegetable skin), layers of garden soil, sprinkle some pig or livestock feces and urine continuously deposited several layers, cover the civil construction, after about half a year, the rotten leaves and other garden soil mixed, and then sieve powder, air dry, storage reserved. This kind of culture has rich humus, has excellent physical properties, is conducive to fertilizer and drainage, loose soil is acidic.

Manure soil

Manure is cow manure, horse manure, pig manure, sheep manure, poultry manure and soil weeds after the deposit into the wet compost, dry after the compost and sieve powder after use, with nutrients and lime.

Garden soil and field mud

Garden soil and field mud refer to the topsoil of the garden or field, that is to say, the ripe soil for planting crops has been deposited, exposed to the sun and reserved in the room.

Pond mud

Pond mud is widely used in southern China. It is to dig out the pond mud into a thin block, dry after storage for use, when the thin block will be broken, its advantages are more fertilizer, good drainage performance, neutral or slightly alkaline.

Rice chaff ash

The key to rice chaff ash is the burning ash of rice husk or wheatgrass, also known as grass and wood ash, which loosens the soil layer, is beneficial to drainage pipes, and contains potassium fertilizer and alkali.

Yellow sand

Usually, the use of river sand as organic soil fertilizer is beneficial to the ventilation of drainage pipes, which should be cleaned with cold water before use and applied after removing salt.

sawdust

After composting the wood residue into wet compost, the compost was arranged with the soil layer to make the organic soil fertilizer loose and have excellent water-locking characteristics, which is a new development trend of organic soil fertilizer raw materials in recent years.

Brick cinder

Smashed tiles or bricks, beneficial drainage pipes, ventilation, but lack of fat.

Garbage soil

Garbage soil is called "return of the soul soil", sufficient to use the waste soil after the basin, and then add manure piled up. After compost, sift the compost and air dry the soil.

How to prepare culture soil?

Because the requirements of various plants for nutrients, the level of acid resistance, alkali resistance, drainage pipe ventilation and other provisions are not the same, the proportion of configuration is also very different, the basic provisions of organic soil fertilizer should grasp the following standards:

① With the appropriate proportion of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements.

② It is required to be loose, ventilated and well-drained.

No pests and other harmful substances that harm the growth of flowers and trees, such as pupae.

④ Remove grass roots, gravel and other debris, sifting and general disinfection, such as exposure to sunlight or heating and steaming.

Several methods of preparing culture soil to meet the needs of different plants are as follows:

Soil for sowing and seedlings

2 parts of rotting leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, a small amount of manure, sand. Or use 1 part of rotting leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of rice chaff ash, and a small amount of manure.

Soil for general potted flowers

Leaf rot soil 1 part, garden soil 1 part, rice chaff ash 0.5 part, manure 0.5 part. Or rotten soil one part, garden soil 1.5 parts, manure soil 0.5 parts

Damp resistant plant soil

Leaf rot 0.5 part, garden soil 2 part, manure 1 part, rice chaff ash 0.5 part.

Soil for cutting

Because the cuttings do not take root before feeding, so commonly used yellow sand or frog stone. For example, 1 part garden soil, 1 part rice chaff ash; Or garden soil l, rotting leaf soil 1 can also. For some flowers, rice chaff ash cuttings alone can also be used.

Soil for acid-loving plants

Use mountain mud or leaf soil, garden soil and add a small amount of yellow sand.

Soil for pulpy plants

It can use 0.6 parts of yellow sand, 0.05 parts of garden soil and 1 part of rotting leaf soil. Or use 1 part of brick slag and 1 part of garden soil.

Camellia, rhododendron, michelia soil

Leaf soil 2 parts, yellow mud 1.5 parts, burnt mud 0.5 parts, sand 1 part, add a small amount of bone meal, etc.